Powerful coherent terahertz radiation from short photo-injector electron bunches is required for many applications including mastering terahertz and x-ray frequency ranges. If the effective length of the electron bunch is shorter than the wavelength of the radiated wave, then the coherent spontaneous emission process does not need a special electron bunching and starts immediately. However, the initial coherence of radiation is rapidly broken due to increase in the bunch phase size, in particular, because of the strong Coulomb repulsion of particles inside a dense bunch. Stabilization of the bunch lengths or even compression of dense electron bunches in terahertz electron sources may be provided by various methods described briefly in this work.
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