Nowadays, color-coded patterns are widely used to make real-time 3D shape measurement possible based on fringe projection profilometry (FPP). However, color crosstalk between the color camera remains a primary limitation of this method. In order to reduce the influence of color crosstalk on the phase retrieval accuracy, an accurate color crosstalk coefficient calibration method is proposed for color decoupling in this work. Firstly, based on the orthogonal fringe projection mode, the influence of color crosstalk coefficients on wrapped phase error is theoretically derived. Meanwhile, the truth phase values are generated based on smooth surface polynomial fitting to eliminate phase artifacts. Finally, by projecting the designed color orthogonal fringe patterns onto a standard plate, separate images from R, G and B channel could be obtained to extract the phase error, which can be further used for color channel crosstalk coefficients calibration. Multiple experiments with a standard white plate and sphere have verified that the method effectively improves phase quality, making it suitable for fast and accurate 3D shape measurement.
A photoelectric reference ruler is designed based on position sensitive detector (PSD) for providing the reference length. A calibration method of the photoelectric reference ruler is proposed, which introduces the common points for transition between the PSD coordinate systems. The common points are confirmed based on the special workpiece with positioning holes. Through placing the 1.5-in. ball target on the positioning holes, the coordinate systems and the common points for transformations are structured by high-precision measurement instruments. After the calibration, the double-theodolites system is oriented by the photoelectric reference ruler and operated to measure the spatial points and distances in the experiment. The mean error is <0.18 mm in points measurement and <0.14 mm in distance measurement, and the feasibility of the proposed calibration method is validated. Compared with the traditional reference ruler, the photoelectric reference ruler is proved to be applicable for measurement system orientation and spatial large-scale measurement.
Non-orthogonal shaft laser theodolite(N-theodolite) measurement system is a new kind of measurement instrument utilized in large-scale metrology, which is made up of two same N-theodolites. To achieve the transformation of N-theodolites’ coordinate systems, a calibration method of extrinsic parameters is proposed. With the help of a scale-bar of a certain length, the calibration can be performed conveniently. The correctness of the calibration method is verified by the measurement experiments of point coordinates and distances. The experimental results show that the RMSE of spatial points and the distances of measured points are 0.319mm and 0.150mm respectively. We demonstrate that the proposed calibration method of extrinsic parameters is feasible for the N-theodolite measurement system.
The laser beam is considered as an important technique tool for 3D measurement. For precise 3D measurement, the spatial pose of a laser beam must be calibrated before measurement. To make the spatial pose of a laser beam more precise, an optimization method of a laser beam is proposed in this paper. Utilizing the points measured by a laser tracker as benchmark, the more precise parameters of the laser beams can be obtained through Levenberg-Marquarelt algorithm. Comparing improved results with initial ones, the effect of the method can be shown obviously. The method is considered to be a feasible way to optimize the laser beam through experiment verification.
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