As the space remote sensing technology progresses, the developing trend of telescope is larger and larger aperture, higher and higher resolution. An Optical system with the relative aperture of 1:2 is introduced. The primary optical properties are: focal length of 120mm, F number of 2, field angle of 7.4°. It has the advantages of large high resolution, small size and excellent image quality. Several kinds of aberration curves and the MTF curve are given. Its imaging quality is nearly diffraction limited so that the spatial frequency is greater than 70lp/mm when its modulated transfer function (MTF) value of the optical system is equal to 0.8,and the optical system distortion is less than 1%. At last, the stray light is analyzed and the baffle of the telescope is designed. The solid model of the Optical system was constructed in Tracepro software, the point sources transmittance (PST) cure was given at different off-axis angle between 7.4°~80°,the analysis result indicates that the PST values are less than 10-6 when off-axis angle are larger than soar critical angle. So the system is suitable for observation or photography of deep sky objects.
For imaging equipments, exposure is one of the crucial factors for evaluating the quality of imaging. The correct method of exposure is the key to obtain high-quality image. Traditional calculation of exposure is slow in adaptation under extreme environment. In addition, the object of imaging under extreme light usually cannot achieve suitable gray level. To obtain accurate and effective control of automatic exposure under back light and front light environment, this article divides shoot scenes into different regions, applying the method of fuzzy logic to give each region a different weight number, and finally allowing it to correctly carry out automatic exposure. This method can manage imaging under special light conditions without being affected by the position of the main object. Experiments show that this method can effectively control automatic exposure under all kinds of environments.
Due to the extra wide field of view, fisheye optical systems are appropriately applied in space camera for scouting large-scale objects with near-distance. At the same time, because of the violent sunlight linger within the field of view more than other optical system and more stray light occur during the period, to design proper lens-hood can effectively reduce the sunshine time. Another distinct characteristic of fisheye optical system is the first protrude lens, which is contrived with negative focus to trace the ray with angle about even above 90 degree of incidence. Consequently, the first lens is in danger of damaging by scratching when operating the camera during the ground experiments without lens-hood. Whereas on account of the huge distortion which is the third mainly characteristic of fisheye optical system, to design appropriate lens-hood is a tough work comparing with other low-distortion optical system, especially for those whose half diagonal field is more than 90°. In this paper, an research carried out on the design lens-hood for fisheye is proposed. In the way of reverse ray-tracing, the location on the first lens and point-vector for each incident ray can be accurately calculated. Thus the incident ray intersecting the first lens corresponds to the boundary of the image sensor form the effective object space. According to the figure of the lens and the incident rays, the lens-hood can be confirmed. In the proposed method, a space fisheye lens is presented as a typical lens, whose horizontal field and vertical field are 134°, diagonal field is up to 192°, respectively. The results of design for the lens-hood show that the lingering time of sunshine is shorten because of obstructing some redundant sunlight, and the first outstanding lens are protected in the most degree.
This paper designs a compact apochromatic lens with long focal length, which operates over very-broad spectrum from 400nm to 900nm for high resolution image application. The focal length is 290mm, and F-number is 4.5.In order to match CCD sensor, lens resolution must be higher than 100lp/mm. It is a significant challenge to correct secondary spectrum over very-broad spectrum for this application. The paper firstly pays much attention on dispersion characteristic of optical materials over this very-broad spectrum, and dispersion characteristic of glasses is analyzed. After properly glasses combinations and optimal lens structure selected, this compact apochromatic lens is designed. The lens described in this paper comprises fewer lenses, most of them are ordinary optical materials, and only one special flint type TF3 with anomalous dispersion properties is used for secondary spectrum correction. Finally, the paper shows MTF and aberration curve for performance evaluation. It can be seen that MTF of the designed lens nearly reach diffraction limit at Nyquist frequency 100lp/mm, and residual secondary spectrum is greatly reduced to less than 0.03mm (in the lines 550nm and 787.5nm). The overall length of this compact apochromatic lens is just 0.76 times its focal length, and because of fewer lenses and ordinary optical materials widely used, production cost is also greatly reduced.
Following with the “high-resolution upsurge” appeared in many counties in recent few years, it is an inevitable trend to increase the size of the Optical Telescope. However, because of the volume constrains of space-borne astronomical instruments, segmented reflector is thought as the main measure of future astro-physical missions by many scientists. In this paper, a coaxial three-mirror anastigmatic system (TMA) with a segmented primary mirror is modeled in optical software. The optical system, which has 2.4m aperture, 48m focal length and the field-view angle of 0.3°×0.06°, works in the 450nm~900nm wave band. The ‘1+6’ aperture-stiching model is applied. Firstly, the initial structure of the system is inputted to the CODEV, and a certain constraint functions are set, and then the system automatically optimizes. Finally, designing results show that the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is really very near to the limit of diffraction. We get a good image quality of the optical system design results.
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