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1 May 2008 Efficient rejection of scattered light enables deep optical sectioning in turbid media with low-numerical-aperture optics in a dual-axis confocal architecture
Jonathan T. C. Liu, Michael J. Mandella, James M. Crawford M.D., Christopher H. Contag, Thomas D. Wang, Gordon S. Kino
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Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 13, Issue 3, 034020 (May 2008). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.2939428
Abstract
Miniature endoscopic microscopes, with subcellular imaging capabilities, will enable in vivo detection of molecularly-targeted fluorescent probes for early disease detection. To optimize a dual-axis confocal microscope (DACM) design for this purpose, we use a tabletop instrument to determine the ability of this technology to perform optical sectioning deep within tissue. First, we determine how tissue scattering deteriorates the diffraction-limited transverse and vertical responses in reflectance imaging. Specifically, the vertical response of a DACM to a plane reflector is measured at various depths in a scattering phantom and compared with diffraction theory and Monte Carlo scattering simulations. Similarly, transverse line scans across a knife-edge target are performed at various depths in a scattering phantom. Second, as a practical demonstration of deep-tissue fluorescence microscopy that corroborates the findings from our scattering experiments, 3-D fluorescence images are obtained in thick human gastrointestinal mucosal specimens. Our results demonstrate efficient rejection of scattered light in a DACM, which enables deep optical sectioning in tissue with subcellular resolution that can distinguish between normal and premalignant pathologies.
©(2008) Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
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Jonathan T. C. Liu, Michael J. Mandella, James M. Crawford M.D., Christopher H. Contag, Thomas D. Wang, and Gordon S. Kino "Efficient rejection of scattered light enables deep optical sectioning in turbid media with low-numerical-aperture optics in a dual-axis confocal architecture," Journal of Biomedical Optics 13(3), 034020 (1 May 2008). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.2939428
Published: 1 May 2008
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Cited by 53 scholarly publications and 3 patents.
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KEYWORDS
Scattering
Mirrors
Light scattering
Confocal microscopy
Tissue optics
Monte Carlo methods
Luminescence
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