In any assembly, where two devices are to be precisely connected, the integrity and quality of this connection (bond) is a
key factor in the overall performance of the final device. In micro-assembly and optoelectronics, this connection is
typically gold to gold, solder, or epoxy bond. The chemistries can vary, but the critical issues remain the same.
Placement accuracy is an important consideration and is normally the starting point for most bonding applications. In
optoelectronics, the placement of a laser will be critical to its performance. Often edge-to-edge alignment is needed,
which requires optical resolution of one micron or better. Laser bars have the added challenge of requiring this high
optical resolution, but over distances of more than 10 millimeters.
Equally important is what happens after a device has been aligned to a substrate ready for bonding. Both thermal and
force parameters must be considered. Voiding in the material or oxidation during the soldering process all need to be
minimized. This paper will look at recent innovations to improve the final bond. These innovations include temperature
ramp rate, heated inert atmosphere and component uniformity. These processing techniques are particularly applicable
in optoelectronics applications, such as laser diode and laser bar bonding.
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