Progress achieved in the field of stem-cell technology allows the reprogramming of patient-derived cells, obtained from urine or skin biopsies, into induced pluripotent stem cells that can then be differentiated into any cell types. Within this framework, techniques, being able to accurately and non-invasively characterize cell structure, morphology, and dynamics, represent very promising approaches to identify disease-specific cell phenotypes. Consequently, we will present how a label-free optofluidic platform, based on quantitative-phase digital holographic microscopy along with various experimental developments in microfluidics, constitutes a very appealing cell imaging methodology to identify, through the measurement of biophysical properties, specific cell phenotypes.
KEYWORDS: Digital holography, Microfluidics, Microscopy, Holography, Microfluidic imaging, Refractive index, Modulation, Environmental sensing, Control systems
Biophysical properties (BPs) of a cell depend drastically on its physiological or pathological state. Thus, being able to accurately and non-invasively measure a set of cell BPs, that reflect these cellular states, is of major importance. To this end, we propose an approach that combines customized fluidic devices with digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Specifically, we have developed several low-cost 3D-printed millifluidic devices which when combined with DHM allow to measure in a controlled physiological environment specific cell BPs including intracellular refractive index, absolute cell volume, membrane flickering as well as cell elasticity and viscosity moduli.
KEYWORDS: Digital holography, Chemical mechanical planarization, Microscopy, Holography, Microfluidics, Signal generators, Neurons, Imaging systems, Environmental sensing, Control systems
Many studies suggest that external forces applied to cells generate signals that are as potent as those of biochemical stimuli. To understand how these forces are transmitted to the molecular structures of cells, and how they might be transduced into biochemical reactions, require measuring both cell mechanical properties (CMPs) and biological pathways in a physiological environment. For this purpose, we will present measurements, through rheological approaches, of CMPs in a label-free manner performed thanks to an automated imaging system devoted to live cells combining digital holographic microscopy, environmental control, and microfluidic assays.
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